榧子
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
榧子FeiziTorreyae SemenGrand Torreya Seed
概述 Overview
本品为红豆杉科植物榧Torreya grandis Fort.的干燥成熟种子。秋季种子成熟时采收，除去肉质假种皮，洗净，晒干。
Grand Torreya Seed is the dried ripe seed of Torreya grandis Fort. (Fam. Taxaceae). The drug is collected in autumn when ripe, removed from the fleshy aril, washed clean, and dried in the sun.
性状 Description
本品呈卵圆形或长卵圆形，长2～3.5cm，直径1.3～2cm。表面灰黄色或淡黄棕色，有纵皱纹，一端钝圆，可见椭圆形的种脐，另端稍尖。种皮质硬，厚约1mm。种仁表面皱缩，外胚乳灰褐色，膜质；内胚乳黄白色，肥大，富油性。气微，味微甜而涩。
Ovoid or prolate-ovoid, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.3-2 cm in diameter. Externally greyish-yellow or pale yellowish-brown, longitudinally wrinkled. One end obtusely rounded with an elliptical raphe; the other end slightly acute. Testa hard, about 1 mm thick. Kernel surface wrinkled; perisperm greyish-brown, membranous; endosperm yellowish-white, plump and oily. Odour, slight; taste, slightly sweet and astringent.
鉴别 Identification
取本品粉末3g，加甲醇30ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加水20ml使溶解，用三氯甲烷30ml振摇提取，分取三氯甲烷液，蒸干，残渣加乙酸乙酯2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取榧子对照药材3g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（8：2）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，分别置日光和紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点或荧光斑点。
To 3 g of the powder add 30 ml of methanol, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter, and evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 20 ml of water, and extract by shaking with 30 ml of chloroform. Evaporate the chloroform extract to dryness and dissolve the residue in 2 ml of ethyl acetate as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 3 g of Torreyae Semen reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (60-90℃)-ethyl acetate (8 : 2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 2 μl of each of the above two solutions to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105℃ until the colour of the spots appear distinctly. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm, the fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution.
检查 Examination
酸败度 Rancidity
照酸败度测定法（通则2303）测定。
Carry out the method for Rancidity determination <2303>.
酸值 Acid value
不得过30.0。
Not more than 30.0.
羰基值 Carbonyl value
不得过20.0。
Not more than 20.0.
过氧化值 Peroxide value
不得过0.50。
Not more than 0.50.
饮片 Prepared slices
榧子 Grand Torreya Seed
炮制 Processing
去壳取仁。用时捣碎。
Remove the shell (testa). Break to pieces before use.
性 Property
甘，平。
Neutral; sweet.
味 Flavor
微甜而涩。
Slightly sweet and astringent.
归经 Meridian tropism
归肺、胃、大肠经。
Lung, stomach, and large intestine meridians.
功能 Actions
杀虫消积，润肺止咳，润燥通便。
To kill worms, eliminate accumulation, moisten the lung, suppress cough, moisten dryness, and open the bowels.
主治 Indications
用于钩虫病，蛔虫病，绦虫病，虫积腹痛，小儿疳积，肺燥咳嗽，大便秘结。
Ancylostomiasis, ascariasis, taeniasis, abdominal pain caused by worm accumulation, infantile malnutrition with accumulation, cough caused by lung dryness, and constipation.
用量 Dosage
9～15g。
9-15 g.
用法 Administration
无特殊要求。
No special requirements.
贮藏 Storage
置阴凉干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moth.